Gleichgewicht & Haltung

Haltungskontrolle, Gleichgewicht, allg. das Reaktionsvermögen des Körpers sind vor allem bei älteren Personen wertvolle Qualitäten, um Stürzen vorzubeugen. Mit einem Vibrationstraining lässt sich das umsetzen.

Zahlreiche Studien weisen signifikante Effekte von Vibrationstraining auf Flexibilität und Gleichgewicht aus. Besonders bemerkenswert ist, dass sowohl Personen mit neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen als auch Sportstudenten von Vibration profitieren. Einige Studien zeigen explizit, dass Vibration die Rumpfmuskulatur stärkt. Diese Muskulatur dient ebenfalls der Haltungskontrolle.

Muskelkraft und Ausdauer alleine nützt wenig – es braucht auch koordinative Fähigkeiten. Sensomotorisches Training (z.B. auf unebener Fläche balancieren) reduziert das Sturzrisiko. Fehlhaltungen werden rascher erkannt (propriozeptiv) und aktiv durch die Muskulutur korrigiert (koordinativ). Diese Effekte werden auch durch Vibrationsanwendung trainiert, was sich in Verbesserungen bei Gleichgewicht und Haltungskontrolle zeigt.

Literatur

The Effect of a Short-Term and Long-Term Whole-Body Vibration in Healthy Men upon the Postural Stability. Magdalena Piecha, Grzegorz Juras, Piotr Kro, Grzegorz Sobota, Anna Polak, Bogdan Bacik. PLoS ONE, February 2014, DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0088295

Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Trunk and Neck Muscle Activity in Consideration of Different Vibration Loads. Dennis Perchthaler, Simon Hauser, Hans-Christian Heitkamp, Tobias Hein, Stefan Grau. J Sports Sci Med. 2015 Mar; 14(1): 155–162.

Effect of Whole Body Vibration Training on Trunk Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Maeda N, Urabe Y, Sasadai J, Miyamoto A, Murakami M, Kato J. J Sport Rehabil. 2016 Aug 24:1-19.

Acute effects of whole-body vibration on trunk muscles in young healthy adults. Wirth B, Zurfluh S, Müller R. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2011 Jun;21(3):450-7.

Whole body vibration exercise improves body balance and walking velocity in postmenopausal osteoporotic women treated with alendronate: Galileo and Alendronate Intervention Trail (GAIT). Iwamoto J, Sato Y, Takeda T, Matsumoto H. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2012 Sep;12(3):136-43.

Controlled Whole-body Vibration Training Reduces Risk Of Falls In People With Multiple Sclerosis. Sanchez MC, Estrada EF, King GA, Yang F. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 May;48(5 Suppl 1)

Side-alternating vibration training for balance and ankle muscle strength in untrained women. Spiliopoulou SI, Amiridis IG, Tsigganos G, Hatzitaki V. J Athl Train. 2013 Sep-Oct; 48(5):590-600. Epub 2013 Aug 5.

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Whole-body vibration improves neuromuscular parameters and functional capacity in osteopenic postmenopausal women. Dutra MC, de Oliveira ML, Marin RV, Kleine HC, Silva OL, Lazaretti-Castro M. Menopause. 2016 Aug;23(8):870-5. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000644.